Improvement in sewing-machines



H. w. HAYDEN.

Sewing Machine.-

Patented Aug. 2, 1859.

Wt asses; J/Mw 9 M UN TED STATES HIRAM w. HAYDEN, on wArrnnnUuY, CONNECTICUT.

IMPROVEMENT IN savi lluem-Acum'ss.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 24,937. dated August 2, 1859.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, HIRAM W. HAYDEN, of Vvaterbury, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a back view of a sewing-machine with my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same at right angles to Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front view of the needle, rotating hook, bobbin, and their appendages. Fig. 4 exhibitsahorizontalsectional. view of some of the principal parts of the machine. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 are detail views which will be hereinafter described. 1

Similar letters of reference indicate corre spending parts in the several figures;

My invention relates to the formation of what is known as the lock-stitch by means of a revolving and vibrating arm and hook for extending the loops of the needle-thread and'a peculiarly-arranged bobbin for supplying the locking-threai'l, operating in combination with each other and with the needle, substantially as hereinafter described.

It also relates to the method or means for producing the operation of the said revolving and vibrating arm and hook; also to an .im-

' proved device for taking up the slack of the loop between the bobbin and the revolving vibrating hook; and, further, to a new contrivance for, feeding the cloth or material to be sewed. To enable others to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construc tion and operation.

. A, Figs. 1, 2, 3, is the bed-plate of the machine upon which the cloth or other material is placed to be sewed.

' B isthestationary arm holding the prcsser D is the needle-arm attached to a rocker, D','carrying a curved needle, a; but in place of this needle a straight needlehar or slide and a straight needle may be used.

E, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, is the main shaft, ores-it is sometimes termed, the rotating mandrel from whiclt all the operatingpart-sderivemtion, arranged directly uifder the needle in bearings beneath the plate A, having fast upon it the pulley F, through which it receives motion, the eccentric or crank G for driving the needle-rocker D, and the feed-cam H, Fig. 2, and carrying also the revolving and vibrating arm 1, Figs. 1, 2, 3, which;' carries the looping' hook Igythich is represented-in- Fig. 5, in perparallel with the axis of the mandrel while it is caused to revolve withthe latter. The hook Iis made with a pivot, d, in front, which is fitted to turn or oscillate in a bearing provided for it in the arm 1, near the end thereof, and

to the. opposite or trout end of the said pivot d, to the-hook, there is secured a plate, of the form of a circle having a recess, 10 11, ex-

tending about one-fourth of the way round it, 7

and carrying a pin or projection, 12, against which a spring, f, which is secured to the arm I, presses in such a manner as to exert a tendency to turn the hook I in the direction of the arrow (shown near it in Fig. 3) as far as permitted by a pin, g, which is secured in the arm I, and which serves as a stop to the end .10 of the recess 1011 of the plate 1*. The said spring f keeps the. hook I, when tin: latter is not otherwise influenced, standing out from the arm I in the direction of a cirrhdescribed from' the center of the mandrel. At the back ofthe arm I there is, fast to the stem or pivot of the hook, a pin or projection, h, the duty of which will be presently explained.

J, Figs. 2, 3, 4, is a stationary'cam in the form of a ring encirclim the mandrel E, and having a broad flange, J to receive screws 1 Z,by. which it is secured to a portion of the bed plat-e. Thi'cam has its operating-face 1'. j Ir,

whose fbrm will bepresently explained, presented toward the front of the machine. A

' art of the exterior of the said cam also constitutes one half of the bobbin-holder L M, for holding the thin bobbin K from which the locking-thread is supplied. The other half, M, of the bobbin-holder consists of a disk-shaped p roj ection from an adjustable sliding plate, M,

whichts secured bya screw-bolt, N, .to a part of the bed-plate A. The bobbin, which, being outside of thorium}; is some distanoe from. the.

- center of the mandrel Efis also arranged obliquely both to the needle and tothe axis of the mandrel, as illustrated in Figs. tlwmt 4..

its front portion, which is the portion to which the rotary hook approache the nearest, is the farthest from the axis of H18 mandrel. The

form of the face A: of the cam and the relation ofthesaid face to the bobbin K are illustrated in lsig. (hwvhich exhibits theeann as though projected on a plane. The dutyofthe minds to produce the necessary vibrating motion or the arm l and hook .l. on. the pin as they revolve with the inzmdrel, to carry lhe loops over the bobbin K; and to enable this to he effected the arm 1' is confined to the face of the can-1 by means of a sleeve, Q1, Fig. 2, and a spiral spring, 1%, both fitted to a portion of the hiandrel E that is extended ion,

ward of the cam, hook, and bobbin on purpose to receive thcnr,.-the said spring being within the said sleeve and resting against a collar, f, on the mandrel, and pressing. against a seat, "ll-,fOllllGd for itat theback of the said sleeve, and the said sleeve having zr-iihger, e, which presses upon the arm 1 at some distance from the mandrel. At the least prominent point in the face of the cam there is an abrupt lateral projection, m, .whieh servesas a. stop to operate upon the before-mentioned pin or projection h oi'rthe stem of the hook I, for the purpose of operating the hook to throw ofi the loops, as will be presently explained. 2, Fig. 4, is a spring attached to the exterior of the piece M of the :ltiohbin-holder, and having a small round ton gu'e, (1, near its extremity, passing through allele in the piece hi and pressing against the bohhin'for the purpose ofpreventing the bobbin from rattling and or tempera,-

. .rily (1 t aining one side of the loop while it is I passingever the. bobbin.

r, li igs. 2 and 3, is stationary but adjusta- 'ble pin standing across a space-P, tha'tis prov videdbehind the lower part of the com; This pin, which is for the purpose of preventing any slackening of the loop bet-Ween theloobbin and the pin, is attached to a plate, 1","which issocnred'by a screw, 2", to theflange J of the cam, the said plate being; capable of being moved to adjust the said pin to the proper position to prevent the loops "gettin'gslack, but atv the same time to pi'eventany excessive drag upon them. i5 is astation'zi-ry loop-guide placed near the needle-hole in -theeloth-plate. This guide, however, forms no part of my inven om. l Ilho opornl'i on of iorniing the stitch is as follows: The needle-thread having been carried by the needle through the cloth or materia to he sewed, in 'the usual manner, itndretraeted suilieiently .o' commence ihe o peninghf the lo" sfthedio'olc niandrel', possess l5etweln thefi'ieedle read,;aildasth needle continnes to rise,

draws thethread' on Word in enrol-mot a loop, and the said'jlho i, by reasoiirol' the forword swing'i n gonox enientofthe a nproducedfl'hy the rising-portion iii one sh-"ell in-g g, of" min-'1; isiearr-inron to i mlfr-ha i the bobbin h. nitl'imiii'lihlf on cit-her side of aim-said hohhig-l. Antl'e revolution oi'the im'o and hook,

I, i frits re rolutioii with the: arm,

l continues over the receding portion 7', of the swelling of the cam, the outer sideof thel oo pthat is to say, the side which passes farthest from the n1andrel--is carried over the outer side of theliiobbin, a-m'lalter ithas PRSSmlG-Oillpletely over the bobbin, comes in contact with the pin '1, while the side of the loop which is V nearest-fire mandrel slips into and is retained in a notch provided in the bottmnof the part L, of the bobbin-holder. This notch is shown in Fig. 7, which is an opposite side View of the cam L to that exhibited in Fig. The loop remains in the notch l3, and in co'ntectivitlr the pin 1', the latter taking up the s eek es the hook moves onward till, in the revolution oi the hook, the pin 71; strikes the pro eet n in. and the continued revolution ofthe hook, n'hil I; the said pin is arrested, causes the pivot of the hook to turn in its bearing in=the arm. l, and

the point of the hook to'be turned far enough toward the center of the nmndrel for the loop to slip off it. The hook, after thusletting tho loop go, is instantly thrown back by the spring fto the position relativelyto the, arinl rep resented in Fig. 3, to be in readiness to catch a new loop as it passes the needle again, the

' old loop remaining slack after escaping from proieetions,:r m, which pass through holes pro vided for them in the bed-plate. These-id bin: and the said slide U, sire both operated upon by the double feed-cam H, to givethe iormer a rising and falling motion, to cause the pro,- jections a; w to be raised above, and to permit them .to descend .below the upper surface 01' the bethplate, an die give the slide a horizontal motion. This slide and feed-bar are substair' tiall'y like the slide and feed-bar of other sew ing-maehines, and the length of the movement of the, slide may be controlled in the usual or any well known manner, to Vary thel-ength oi feed for longer or shorter stitches; but

t is only in tho 'eharaoterlcf its o vn'niovemcnt that my feed-apparatus resembles the feed-apparatus heretofore usedfor,sewing-machines, and the manner in which the cloth or material to be sewed is laid hold of to beinoved along differs: very essentially from the; modes heretofore used, as I will proceed to explain, w th part eular reference to Figsfiand 9, which me wenlarged views of the essential elements of this part of my invention, the former being a side View corresponding withlglig. 2,.and theloiter a section corresponding with Fig. 3-.- Cllhe t vo projections a: :r, have their upper surfaces Smooth and nearly ilat, and parallel ayitlr the upper surface of the 'l')ed-plate, boing only sli ghtly 'ben'eled' or rounded towards eke, ear

from which (he inateriil is mowed in fcodingp terminate in .a square form or in a rerysll in periphery of the wheel.

, within the clamps.

tightness.

acute 'angle, as shown at 1414. Theseprojecti'ehsi operate in combination with two wheels. 7

t and with the radial facesof its lower notches toward the said projection. The bottoms of thegvheels are slightly elevated above the upper surface of the bed-plate or of the material .16, Figs. 1, 2, 3, 8, and 9, when the bottom part, 15, of the foot bears upon it. When the projections .00 a: are raised preparatory to the feeding movement each forces the cloth. or

other material into a notch in its respective 4 wheel, andwhen the projection afterward moves forward to feed, it forces the material.

into the angleof the notch, and its continued movement causes the ratchet-wheelfizo turn along with it, and as the. cloth passes along:

and theprojection approaches a position below the center of the wheel, the presser is lifted and the cloth that was pressed into the notch rolls along until the angle of .the'projection ar-' rives directly under the center of the wheel where it is stopped. The feed-movement is greater or less, according as the feedrbar is allowed to recede to a position in which it will raise the cloth higher or not so high up the t t The condition of the parts at the commencement of the feeding operation isshownin black outline, and their condition as the feed terminates in redoutline, in Fig. 8. The wheels y y do not touch the material when the projections x a: are below the upper surface of the bed-plate. A'

posed spring, X. The thread on its way to and from thesenlamps is conducted by a guide,

,Y, in such a manner thatit passes round the hub of V and forms nearly a complete circle The tension is regulated by screwing up the disk V with more or less I do not claim the use ma sewing-machine of a hook revolving in a fixed plane, in combination with a bobbin arranged within or concentric to the circle of revolution of the said which' "have ratchet like notches hook, as this ishused inthe mach-inelof A. B. Wilson, patented June 15, 1852. Nor do I claim the feeding of'the material by means of projecting teeth working up through the bed.- plate and forcing the cloth against a presser; nor yet the use of wheels. acting on the upper surface of the material to move it along; but,

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1.. The attachment. of the looping-hook Ito an arm, I, or its equivalent, which. hasa re volving motion and also a vibrating motion in a direction transverse to its revolution, and

moperates, substantially as herein described, in

combination with abobbin, K, arranged relatively to it, substantially in the manner here'- in set forth. i .2. The stationary cam J, appliedin combination with the revolving arm I, which carrier the looping-hook, and with a spring, R, sleeve-Q, or their equivalent,'for holding the said arm in contact with the said cam to pro? 'duce the vibrating motion of the said hook,

substantially as'herei'indescribed. I 1

3. 1 The combination of the stationary cam J and the .fixed portion L of the bobbin-holder,

substantially as herein described.

' 4. The looping-hook made and fitted to turn in the revolving and vibrating arm I, aspdescribed, and provided with a pin or projection, h, operating in combination with a'iixed stop, m, substantially as and for the purpose herein setforth.

f I 5..The extension of T the mandrel E forward of the rotating hook, as herein described, for the purpose of carrying the spring R and a sleeve, Q, or its equivalent, by which. therevolv'ing andvibrating arm I, which carries the hook, is kept in contact with the earn from which it derives its vibrating motion;

' .6. The adjustable pin r, applied and operating, substantially as herein described, in

combination with the revolving'and-vibrating looping-hook and the bobbin, for the purpose set-forth. j v

' 7. Feeding the cloth or material-to be sewed by means of one or more smooth faced angular projections, 14 14, on the feed-bar, or its equivalent, and one or more ratchet like wheels, 3; attached to the presser, said wheels. being arranged with the lowest portions of their pe 'ripheries above the bottom of the presser-foot,

and the said projections pressing the material into one notch at a time of each. wheel, and operating in combination therewith, substantially as herein described.

. IHIRAM ;wa.e......,.-,

Tnnononn S. BUE T N J. BUIIJL'. I

HAYDEN, 

